ABSTRACT
Indonesia has a strategic role in geographical, political, economic, socio-cultural, defense, and international security strata. Indonesia has a tropical ecosystem with an abundance of natural resources, flora, fauna, ethnic diversity, mega-diversity, and natural beauty. Development and economic growth are multiplying but are still based on resource-based development. The Covid-19 pandemic caused a world economic recession, as economic growth declined sharply;unemployment increases, exports decline, investment decreases, purchasing power decreases, poverty, and economic uncertainty. Developing and emerging countries with weak access to technology and health have been particularly affected. All sectors of the Indonesian economy experienced a decline, except for the agricultural industry, which grew slightly positive. This paper discusses the role of an integrated bio-cycle system in household socio-economic resilience and management of tropical natural resources in the Covid and post-Covid era. Covid-19 has changed our thinking from resource extraction to resource efficiency, technological innovation, e-commerce, zero waste, and product safety. Food commodities, frozen food, biopharmaceuticals, non-timber forest products, and immune-enhancing foods have increased in demand during the Covid-19 pandemic, followed by changes in consumption, production, and distribution patterns. The pandemic has resulted in a relaxation of pressure on the earth's environment because almost all business, industrial, school, government, social, and transportation activities are locked down. Tropical ecosystems can be rapidly recovering and healing because they are supported by high rainfall, temperature, humidity, and organic cycles throughout the year. A new paradigm of knowledge-based development through the empowerment of natural resources must be developed more innovative, more global, more focused, and more futuristic for sustainable development after the Covid-19 era. Household economic resilience with an integrated bio-cycle system can withstand Covid-19. Management of land and living resources based on natural nature is intended to harmonize added value to the environment, economic, socio-cultural, and health aspects. This integrated farming system has a multi-functional and multi-product that is conservative productive to change consumer behavior and technology disruption. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The post COVID-19 symptoms affect the productivity and the quality of life among survivors. It is imperative to identify the effect of virus variants and the vaccination against post-COVID-19 symptoms. There were 242 participants from the eastern part of Indonesia diagnosed with COVID-19 during July 2021-July to 2022 were recruited online. The participants underwent data collection and semi-clinical follow-up for post-COVID-19 symptoms within 30 days after the first symptoms or from the diagnosis day using a validated clinical questionnaire and physician confirmation. Fatigue was the most reported post-COVID-19 symptom (27.7%), followed by chronic cough (21.5%) and headache (15.3%). Adjusted by confounding factors in hierarchical logistic regression, the differences in post-COVID-19 symptoms were insignificant across different variants. Regarding vaccine efficacy against three post-COVID-19 symptoms, people with two-dose vaccination significantly reported lower post-COVID-19 chronic cough (adjusted Odds Ratio 0.244 95% CI OR 0.071-0.838), but the protection against fatigue and the chronic headache was insignificant. There is an indication that vaccine efficacy may be waning along with the emerging new variants. © 2023, Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama. All rights reserved.